The international phonetic alphabet


Vowels:

Vowels


Consonants:

  bilabial labio-
dental
dental alveolar post-
alveolar
retroflex palatal velar uvular pharyngeal glottal
Plosive p b   t d ʈ  ɖ c Ɉ  k g  q ɢ       ʔ  
Fricative ɸ β f v θ  ð s  z ʃ  ʒ ʂ  ʐ ç  ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ  ʕ h ɦ
Lateral fricative     ɬ ɮ            
Nasal ɱ  n ɳ  ɲ  ŋ  ɴ     
Lateral     l ɭ  ʎ  ʟ       
Approximant   ʋ  ɹ ɻ  ɰ       
Trill ʙ    r       ʀ     
Tap or Flap     ɾ ɽ           

Where symbols appaer in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant.
Shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible.



Phonetics:      
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